Im not sure Im reading your question(s) correctly but to clarify some things:
Long actions are 3 digits ie: 110, 112, 111, 116
Short actions are 2 digits ie; 10, 12, 16.
Before Savage made an actual short action they were all 3 digits, but a short action cartridge had the opening in the receiver machined smaller (short).
116, 16 actions are stainless. So if you're wanting stainless thats the action(s) you need.
All my actions are LA for the reason of building either cartridge.
An overwhelming majority(90%+) of actions are small shank except the WSM, target actions, and the RUMs. So just because its a 12 doesn't mean it a large shank.
Im not sure if you can do a WSM cart on a LA because of the bolt head...someone else can chime in on that.
The actions are all pretty much identical with the exception of a few differences, top bolt vs bottom bolt release, CF vs SF etc....
I hope this helps some....
Scooter
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